Solaris系统管理培训(4)

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Solaris系统管理培训(第四章:软件包管理)

提供者:jzj 发表日期:2002-01-24

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所有Solaris系统的软件都以包的形式出现。 
软件包包含: 
  软件包的描述文件 
  系统需求的描述文件 
  需要安装的文件 
  安装前以及安装后需要运行的脚本 
The pkgadd command 
用于安装软件包 
pkgadd [ -d [device | pathname ]] pkg_name 
# pkgadd -d /cdrom/cdrom0/s0/Solaris_2.7/Product SUNWaudio
Processing package instance from 
 
Audio applications 
(sparc) 3.6.4,REV=1.98.08.13 
Copyright 1998 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Using as the package base directory. 
## Processing package information. 
## Processing system information. 
2 package pathnames are already properly installed. 
## Verifying package dependencies. 
## Verifying disk space requirements. 
## Checking for conflicts with packages already installed.
## Checking for setuid/setgid programs. 
This package contains scripts which will be executed with super-user 
permission during the process of installing this package.
Do you want to continue with the installation of [y,n,?] y 
Installing Audio applications as 
## Installing part 1 of 1. 
Installation of was successful. 

The pkginfo command 
不加任何参数用于查看系统已经安装的软件包 
# pkginfo | more 
 
application SUNWAxg Solaris XGL 3.3 AnswerBook 
application SUNWaadm Solaris 7 System Administrator Collection 
system SUNWab2m Solaris Documentation Server Lookup 
system SUNWab2r Solaris Documentation Server 
system SUNWab2s Solaris Documentation Server 
system SUNWab2u Solaris Documentation Server 
application SUNWabda Sun Ultra 5/10 Hardware AnswerBook 
application SUNWabe Solaris 7 User Collection 
application SUNWabsdk Solaris 7 Software Developer Collection
The pkginfo Command 
后面可跟一些参数,显示特定某个软件包的信息 
Command Format 
  pkginfo [ -d [ device | pathname ] ] [ -l ] pkg_name 
参数 
-d device 指定软件所在的位置,可以是目录、磁带机、软盘等等
-l 显示详细信息 
pkg_name 软件包名 
输出列 
CATEGORY 软件包的类型,是“应用软件”和是“系统软件” 
PKGINST 软件包名,如果是SUNW打头,则是SUN的产品 
NAME 软件的简要描述 
# pkginfo -d /cdrom/cdrom0/s0/Solaris_2.7/Product -l SUNWaudio 
PKGINST: SUNWaudio 
NAME: Audio applications 
CATEGORY: system 
ARCH: sparc 
VERSION: 3.6.4,REV=1.98.08.13 
BASEDIR: / 
VENDOR: Sun Microsystems, Inc. 
DESC: Audio binaries 
PSTAMP: dtbuild37s19980813171753 
HOTLINE: Please contact your local service provider 
STATUS: spooled 
FILES: 9 spooled pathnames 
2 directories 
3 executables 
4 package information files 
700 blocks used (approx) 
The pkgrm Command 
Command Format 
  pkgrm package_name 
用于删除软件包 
# pkgrm SUNWaudio 
The following package is currently installed: 
SUNWaudio Audio applications 
(sparc) 3.6.4,REV=1.98.08.13 
Do you want to remove this package? y 
## Removing installed package instance 
## Verifying package dependencies. 
WARNING: 
The package depends on the package 
currently being removed. 
WARNING: 
The package depends on the package 
currently being removed. 
WARNING: 
The package depends on the package 
currently being removed. 
WARNING: 
The package depends on the package 
currently being removed. 
Dependency checking failed. 
Do you want to continue with the removal of this package [y,n,?,q] 
如果某个文件被多个包共享,则当最后一个包被删除时才被删除。
The pkgchk Command 
用于检查已安装的软件包 
Command Format 
  pkgchk [ -p path1 [ path2...] ] 
# pkgchk SUNWaudio 
# 
# pkgchk -p /etc/group 
ERROR: /etc/group 
file size <278> expected <282> actual 
file cksum <23586> expected <24038> actual 
pkgchk命令校验包的属性和内容是否与系统记录的一致。 
这个命令能检测整个包或是某个文件。没有输出表示包已经安装,但未发现不一致。
admintool图形管理工具 
admintool是solaris图形管理工具,包括管理软件包、主机名、主机地址、打印机、串口、用户、用户组等。